Despite its protective nature, the orbit can be susceptible to various conditions that disrupt its delicate balance. These conditions can cause a range of symptoms, impacting vision, eye movement, and overall comfort.
Autoimmune diseases like Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO) affect the tissues and muscles surrounding the eye. It can lead to swelling and inflammation, such as:
- Bulging of the eyeballs
- Eyelid retraction (eyelids may not fully close)
- Restricted eye movement
- Blurry vision, double vision, and even vision loss
While less common, orbital tumors may develop, causing disruption of nearby nerves and muscles that lead to pain and numbness. As the tumor grows, it can press on the eyeball and optic nerve, leading to vision loss, pain, and bulging of the eye.
A blow to the face, such as from a sports injury, car accident, or fall, can fracture the bones of the orbit. Orbital fractures can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
- Sharp pain or throbbing around the eye
- Swelling of the eyelids due to bleeding and inflammation
- Double vision caused by disruption in eye alignment
- Vision loss due to damage to the optic nerve