Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, which is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. With celiac disease, the consumption of gluten causes an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine.
This damage impairs the absorption of nutrients, leading to a wide range of gastrointestinal and systemic symptoms. Celiac disease can develop at any age after individuals start consuming gluten-containing foods, and it can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
Symptoms of celiac disease can vary widely and may include:
- Chronic diarrhea or constipation
- Abdominal pain and bloating
- Weight loss or failure to thrive (in children)
- Fatigue and weakness
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Skin rash associated with celiac disease
Some people with celiac disease may have no obvious symptoms (silent celiac disease), making diagnosis even more challenging. While imaging is not the primary diagnostic tool for celiac disease, it plays a role in evaluating complications, such as intestinal lymphoma, small bowel obstruction, or other gastrointestinal concerns.